A product that is heavier than water and sinks is indicative of its:

• A. Density
• B. Specific gravity
• C. Solubility
• D. Viscosity

Answer: (B)

The correct choice is specific gravity. Specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity that compares the density of a substance to the density of water. When a product is heavier than water and sinks, it indicates that its specific gravity is greater than 1, as the specific gravity of water is defined as 1. This property is important in identifying whether a substance will float or sink when placed in water and helps predict how it behaves in various environments.

Density, while related, is a measure of mass per unit volume and is typically expressed in units such as grams per cubic centimeter. Though density can provide insight into whether a substance will sink or float, specific gravity directly relates this value to water’s density.

Solubility refers to how much of a substance can dissolve in a solvent, which is not indicated by whether the product sinks or floats. Viscosity measures a fluid's resistance to flow, which does not directly correlate with the ability to sink or float in water. Therefore, specific gravity is the most relevant concept for understanding why a product that is heavier than water sinks.